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1 return on investment
Fina ratio of the profit made in a financial year as a percentage of an investmentAbbr. ROIEXAMPLEThe most basic expression of ROI can be found by dividing a company’s net profit (also called net earnings) by the total investment (total debt plus total equity), then multiplying by 100 to arrive at a percentage:Net profit/Total investment × 100 = ROIIf, say, net profit is $30 and total investment is $250, the ROI is:30/250 = 0.12 × 100 = 12%A more complex variation of ROI is an equation known as the Du Pont formula:(Net profit after taxes/ Total assets) = (Net profit after taxes/ Sales) × Sales/Total assetsIf, for example, net profit after taxes is $30, total assets are $250, and sales are $500, then:30/ 250 = 30/ 500 × 500/250 =12% = 6% × 2 = 12%Champions of this formula, which was developed by the Du Pont Company in the 1920s, say that it helps reveal how a company has both deployed its assets and controlled its costs, and how it can achieve the same percentage return in different ways.For shareholders, the variation of the basic ROI formula used by investors is:Net income + (current value – original value) /original value × 100 = ROIIf, for example, somebody invests $5,000 in a company and a year later has earned $100 in dividends, while the value of the shares is $5,200, the return on investment would be:100 + (5,200 – 5,000)/ 5,000 × 100 (100 + 200)/ 5,000 × 100 = 300/ 5,000 = 0.06 × 100 = 6% ROIIt is vital to understand exactly what a return on investment measures, for example assets, equity, or sales. Without this understanding, comparisons may be misleading. It is also important to establish whether the net profit figure used is before or after provision for taxes. -
2 current-return electrode
Oil: BУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > current-return electrode
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3 rate of return
Finan accounting ratio of the income from an investment to the amount of the investment, used to measure financial performance.EXAMPLEThere is a basic formula that will serve most needs, at least initially:[(Current value of amount invested – Original value of amount invested) / Original value of amount invested] × 100% = rate of returnIf $1,000 in capital is invested in stock, and one year later the investment yields $1,100, the rate of return of the investment is calculated like this:[(1100 – 1000) / 1000] × 100% = 100 / 1000 × 100% = 10% rate of returnNow, assume $1,000 is invested again. One year later, the investment grows to $2,000 in value, but after another year the value of the investment falls to $1,200. The rate of return after the first year is:[(2000 – 1000) / 1000] × 100% = 100%The rate of return after the second year is:[(1200 – 2000) / 2000] × 100% = – 40%The average annual return for the two years (also known as average annual arithmetic return) can be calculated using this formula:(Rate of return for Year 1 + Rate of return for Year 2) /2 = average annual returnAccordingly:(100% + – 40%) /2 = 30%The average annual rate of return is a percentage, but one that is accurate over only a short period, so this method should be used accordingly.The geometric or compound rate of return is a better yardstick for measuring investments over the long term, and takes into account the effects of compounding. This formula is more complex and technical.The real rate of return is the annual return realized on an investment, adjusted for changes in the price due to inflation. If 10% is earned on an investment but inflation is 2%, then the real rate of return is actually 8%. -
4 expected rate of return
Finthe projected percentage return on an investment, based on the weighted probability of all possible rates of return.Abbr. ERREXAMPLEIt is calculated by the following formula:E[r]= ΣsP(s)rswhere E[r] is the expected return, P(s) is the probability that the rate rs occurs, and rs is the return at s level.The following example illustrates the principle which the formula expresses.The current price of ABC Inc. stock is trading at $10. At the end of the year, ABC shares are projected to be traded:25% higher if economic growth exceeds expectations—a probability of 30%;12% higher if economic growth equals expectations—a probability of 50%;5% lower if economic growth falls short of expectations—a probability of 20%.To find the expected rate of return, simply multiply the percentages by their respective probabilities and add the results:(30% × 25%) + (50% × 12%) + (25% × –5%) = 7.5 + 6 + –1.25 = 12.25% ERRA second example:if economic growth remains robust (a 20% probability), investments will return 25%;if economic growth ebbs, but still performs adequately (a 40% probability), investments will return 15%;if economic growth slows significantly (a 30% probability), investments will return 5%;if the economy declines outright (a 10% probability), investments will return 0%.Therefore:(20% × 25%) + (40% × 15%) + (30% × 5%) + (10% × 0%) = 5% + 6% + 1.5% + 0% = 12.5% ERR. -
5 paluuvirta
• return current -
6 retourstroom
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7 ток отражённой волны
ток отражённой волны
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[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > ток отражённой волны
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8 rendimiento corriente
• current return• current yield -
9 zacisk do masy na przedmiocie
• return current clampSłownik polsko-angielski dla inżynierów > zacisk do masy na przedmiocie
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10 противотечение
1) Naval: counter current, counter-current, counter-flow, reverse current, reversed flow2) Engineering: back flow, backward flow, countercurrent, countercurrent flow, counterflow, reflow, reflux flow, return flow, reverse flow3) Hydrography: backflow4) Oil: counter-current flow5) Fishery: back current, counter flow, opposing current, reversing current6) Oceanography: backwater7) General subject: return current -
11 обратный поток
1) General subject: backwash2) Geology: reversed stream3) Engineering: back flow, backward flow, return flow, reverse flow, reverse-direction flow4) Construction: reverse direction flow5) Economy: flowback, reverse stream, reverse stream (мигрантов)6) Automobile industry: downdraft, downdraught7) Telecommunications: data upstream (данных), upstream8) Oil: reflux (при дистилляции - часть дистиллята, которая возвращается в колонну для более качественного разделения на желаемые фракции)9) Special term: backflow10) Astronautics: return flux11) Silicates: back current, return current12) Coolers: back floorage, back stream, recycling floorage, recycling stream, return floorage, return stream13) Polymers: leakage flow14) Plastics: flow-back15) Makarov: inverse flow -
12 Rückstrom
m <tech.allg> (allg.; z.B. eines Mediums) ■ return flowm <el> (Halbleiter) ■ back currentm <el> ■ return current; reverse current; inverse current; cut-off currentm < hydr> ■ back stream; backwashm < verf> ■ re-entrainment -
13 обратен ток
ел.counter currentел.counter currentsleakage currentleakage currentsreturn currentreturn currentsreverse currentreverse currentsreversed currentreversed currents -
14 ток с обратна посока
inverse currentinverse currentsreturn currentreturn currentsreverse currentreverse currentsreversed currentreversed currentsБългарски-Angleščina политехнически речник > ток с обратна посока
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15 обратное течение
1) General subject: contraflow, refluence2) Aviation: inverse flow3) Naval: back waters, backward flow, countercurrent, return current, return flow4) Engineering: backflow, backstreaming, reflux flow5) Chemistry: back-flow6) Construction: reverse flow (напр, конденсата)7) Oil: reflow8) Fishery: counter flow9) Astronautics: backward jet, reversed flow10) Coolers: reverse floorage11) Ecology: countercurrent flow12) Polymers: pressure flow13) Automation: counterflow14) Plastics: back flow (в червячном прессе), pressure flow (в червячном прессе)15) Makarov: back current, backset, backwater, recirculation, reflux16) Combustion gas turbines: contra flow17) General subject: counter drift, reverse current -
16 обратный ток
2) Engineering: backward current, backwash, contrary current, fold back current, inverse current, inverse leakage current (выпрямителя), leakage current (выпрямителя), return current, reverse current3) Electronics: backlash4) Oil: back current, reversed current, run-back5) Special term: refluence6) Ecology: reverse flow7) Electrical engineering: CUR reverse current, backfeed -
17 обратный ток
backlash эл., backwash, inverse current, back current, backward current, fold back current, return current, reverse current -
18 возвратный поток
1) Silicates: backflow, backward flow, countercurrent flow, reflux, return current2) Ecology: back current, return flow3) Sakhalin A: reject stream -
19 исходящая вентиляционная струя
1) Engineering: air return, return2) Mining: return air, return current, upcast airУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > исходящая вентиляционная струя
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20 отработанный воздух
1) General subject: waste air2) Geology: return current3) Engineering: spent air4) Construction: exhaust air, outgoing air5) Automobile industry: return air6) Architecture: treated air7) Mining: return8) Oil: air return, used air9) Heat: extracted air10) Oilfield: returned air11) Makarov: foul airУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > отработанный воздух
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